One, standard time 1, definition: Standard time points to producing a condition certainly (technology of scale of production, production and manufacturing organization) the time that next regulations produce a product or finishs place of a working procedure to need to use up. Standard time is arrangement the work plan, important basis that has staff of amount of cost accounting, certain equipment, personnel wait. 2, the composition of standard time: Standard time by basic time (Tj) , auxiliary time (Tf) , arrange working ground time (Tw) , rest to need time with physiology (Tx) with preparation and terminative time (Tz) composition. (1) basic time Tj: The time that the process place such as the size that changes manufacturing target directly, appearance, relative position and exterior condition spends, call basic time. To machine treatment character, basic time cuts the time that metallic place spends namely. (2) auxiliary time Tf: The time that all sorts of auxiliary movement place spend, call auxiliary time. Basically point to: Assemble and unassemble workpiece, stop machine tool, change the cutting dosage, time that measures knife of work measure, advance and retreat to wait for behavioral place to use up. Can check a watch to decide. (3) handle time: Tf of auxiliary time of Tj+ of basic time of operation time = (4) serve time Tw (arrange working ground time) : Serve the time that spends for normal operation, call serve time. Basically point to: Change cutting tool of knife, nap, lubricant machine tool, clear cut the night, time that clears away a tool to wait for place to use up. Computational method: The 2% ～ that press operation time commonly 7% have consideration. (5) breathing space Tx: Need the time that spends for refection and contented physiology sanitation, for breathing space. Computational method: Press operation time commonly 2% have consideration. (6) preparation and terminative time Tz: To produce a batch of parts, the time that prepares to be used up with end activity place, call preparation and terminative time. Basically point to: Whole machine tool of the familiar craft file, semifinished product that get, clamping device, attune, disassemble the clamping apparatus time that spends. Computational method: Undertake estimation according to experience. Among them: Odd a time Td=Tj+Tf+Tw+Tx, odd a type of man-hour norm Th=Tj+Tf+Tw+Tx+Tz/n is medium: N is the amount of a batch of workpiece. 2, the analysis of economic analysis economy of technology program is to consider how to use least society to use up, cost production of lowest gives eligible product, pass the manufacturing cost that compares all sorts of different technology program namely, single out among them most treatment program of economy. 1, manufacturing cost: It is to point to make a spare parts or product place must everything the summation of charge. Manufacturing cost includes two shares charge: 1) process cost (the first kind of charge) : The charge that concerns directly with the working procedure that finish calls the first kind of charge, also weigh process cost. The 70% ～ that process cost occupies a spare parts to produce cost about 75% . Process cost can divide for: V of ① alterable charge (yuan / ) : Produce per year the charge that the quantity concerns directly with the spare parts. It follows the growth of crop and grow. If material uses charge of electricity with production cost, production,wait. C of ② fixed charge (yuan) : Produce per year a quantity not to have the charge of immediate impact with the product. Its do not follow the change of crop and change, be like the depreciation cost of equipment. 2) the 2nd kind of charge: With the charge that the working procedure that finish has nothing to do and with the total production of whole workshop the condition concerns, call the 2nd kind of charge. Be like nonproductive depreciation of personnel expenses, workshop and safeguard cost, illume, warm oneself, ventilated cost, traffic expense. 2, the process cost of technology program compares: When undertaking to all sorts of technology program economy is analysed, should analyse process cost only can, because be below same production condition,the 2nd kind of charge basically is equal. (1) S of year process cost year: S year 0 V + C of =N year (yuan) in type: N0 is year of production program of the spare parts. S of year process cost year concern into linear direct ratio with year of production program N0 of the spare parts. Nextpage (2) odd a sheet of process cost S: S odd = V + C year / N0 (yuan / ) odd relation of year of geminate curve of production program N0 of a sheet of process cost S and spare parts. 3, the analysis compares: When the technology program of appraise through comparison invests close: The linear graph of the year process cost that following plan institute show plan of two kinds of treatment. Among them, plan Ⅰ uses treatment of general purpose machine tool; Plan Ⅱ uses treatment of numerical control machine tool; By S of year process cost year: S year 0 V + C of =N year analysis: ① the year of two kinds of plan is changeless charge C year ordinal increase by degrees; ② the V of every alterable charge of two kinds of plan is ordinal and degressive; ③ compares a choice: A, when N<Nc: Appropriate uses plan Ⅰ general purpose machine tool; B, when N>Nc: Appropriate uses plan Ⅱ special machine tool; C, when N=Nc: Economy of program of two kinds of treatment is same. CNC MillingCNC Machining